2017/2018 IRK JAMB Syllabus and Recommended Textbooks

ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS STUDIES.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES.

The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Islamic Studies is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

1. master the Qur'an and sunnah as foundations of Islamic and social life;
2. be familiar with Islamic heritage, culture and civilization;
3. be acquainted with the tradition of Islamic scholarship and intellectual    discourse;
4. demonstrate knowledge of Islamic moral, spiritual, political and social values;
5. be prepared to face the challenges of life as good practicing Muslims.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

PART 1: THE QUR'AN AND HADITH

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1.Revelation of the Glorious Qur'an.
(i) Visits of the Prophet (SAW) to Cave Hira.
(ii)His reaction to the first revelation And its importance.
(iii)Different modes of revelation (Q.42:511): inspiration behind the Veil, through        an angel,etc.
(iv) Piecemeal revelation (Q. 17:106) (Q.25:32).

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i. analyse the Prophet's (SAW) visits to Cave Hira and the purpose;
ii.describe the Prophet's reaction to the first revelation and its mportance;
iii.differentiate between the mode  of  revelation;
iv. explain why the Glorious Qur'an/ was revealed piecemeal.


lb. Preservation of the Glorious Qur'an
(i) Complete arrangement
(ii)Differences between Makkah and Madinan suwar
(iii)Recording, compilation and Standardization of the Glorious Qur'an
(iv) The role played by the Companions  of  the Prophet (SAW).

OBJECTIVES.

i. identify the personalities involved in the arrangement of
   the Glorious Qur'an;
ii.differentiate between Makkan and Madinan suwar;
iii.analyse   how   the   Glorious  Qur'an was  recorded, compiled and standardized;
iv. evaluate the role played by the  companions  of the  Prophet (SAW).


1c. Importance of the Glorious Qur'an as a source of guidance in     spiritual,moral,economic, political and socio-cultural matters.

OBJECTIVES.

i.examine the importance of the Glorious Qur'an.


1d.  Proof of the divine authenticity of the Glorious Qur'an (Q.4:82)(Q.41:42).
(i) Uniqueness of the Glorious Qur'an (Q.39:27)(Q. 17:88) (Q.75:16-19).
(ii)Divine preservation of the Glorious Qur'an (Q.15:9).

OBJECTIVES.

i. evaluate the proof of the divine authenticity of the Glorious Qur'an;
ii.evaluate the uniqueness of the Glorious Qur'an;
iii.examine the ways by which the Glorious Qur'an was preserved

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2. Tafsir
(i) Historical development of Tafsir
(ii) Importance of Tafsir
(iii)Types of Tafsir

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i. trace the origin and sources of Tafsir,
ii.evaluate  the   importance of Tafsir.
iii.compare the types of Tafsir.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Introduction to Tajwid (Theory and Practice).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.examine the meaning and importance of Tajwid.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

4. Study of the Arabic text of the following suwar/ayats with tajwid

(a) Al-Fatihah(Q.l).
(b) Al-Adiyat(Q.lOO).
(c) Al-Qari'ah(Q.lOl).
(d) Al-Takathur(Q.102).
(e) Al-Asr((Q.103).
(f) Al-Humazah(Q.104).
(g) Al-Maun((Q.107).
(h) Al-Kawthar(Q.108).
(i) Al-Masad((Q.lll).
(j) Al-Ikhlas(Q.112).
(k) Al-Falaq((Q.113).
(1) An-Nas(Q.114).

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

 i. recite with correct tajwid the Arabic texts of the suwar,
ii. translate the verses;
iii.deduce lessons from them;
iv. evaluate the teachings of the verses.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5. Study of the Arabic text of the following suwar/ayats with tajwid
(a) al-A'ala (Q.87)
(b) ad-Duha (Q.93)
(c) al-Inshirah (Q.94)
(c) al-Tin(Q.95
(e) al-Alaq (Q.96)
(f) al-Qadr(Q.97)
(g) al-Bayyinah (Q.98)
(h) al-Zi!zal(Q.99)
(i) Ayatul-Kursiy(Q.2:255)
(j) Amanar-Rasul (Q.2:285-6)
(k) Laqadjaakun (Q.9:128-129)

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i. recite with correct tajwid the Arabic texts of the suwar;
ii.deduce lessons form them;
iii.evaluate their teachings.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

6.  Hadith
(a) History of Hadith literature -
    Collection of Hadith from the time of the Prophet to the period of the six        authentic collectors of Hadith
(b) Authentication of Hadith
(i) Isnad (Asma'ur-rijal)
(ii)Matn
(iii)Classification of Hadith into Sahih Hassan and Da'if.

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i.evaluate the history of Hadith from the time of the Prophet (SAW) to the period of   authentic collectors.
ii.Analyse the Isnad;
iii.Analyse the Mam;
iv.Distinguish between Hadit Sahih, Hassan and da'if.

(c) The relationship between Hadith and the Glorious Qur'an
(i) The importance of Hadith
(ii)The similarities and differences between Hadith and the Glorious Qur'an.

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i. examine  the  importance  of  Hadith;
ii.distinguish ' between   Hadith  and the Glorious Qur'an.


(d) The six sound collectors of Hadith-biographies and their works.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  evaluate their biographies and works
ii. evaluate his biography;
iii.analyse his work.


(e) Muwatta and its author – The biography of Imam Malik and the study of his book.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. interpret the ahadith in Arabic
ii.apply them in their daily lives.


(f) The study of the Arabic texts of the following ahadith from an-Nawawi's        collection:1,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,18,19,21, 22,25,27,34, and 41


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(7) Moral lessons in the Glorious Qur'an and Hadith.

(a)General moral lessons contained in the admonition of Sage Luqman to his son      (Q.31:18-20).
(b) Goodness to parents (Q. 17:23-24).
(c) Honesty (Q.2:42)(Q.61:2-3).
(d) Prohibition of bribery and corruption (Q.2:18), alcohol and
    gambling (Q.2:219) (Q.5:93-94), stealing and fraud (Q.5:41) (Q.83:l-5),smoking,       drug abuse and other intoxicants (Q.2.172-173, 195 and 219) (Q.4:43) (Q.5:3),         (Q.6:118-121).arrogance (Q.31:18-19) and extravagance (Q. 17:26-27) (Q.31:18-19).
(e) Dignity of labour (Q.62:10) (Q.78:l 1) Hadith from Bukhari and Ibn Majah: "that       one of you takes his rope" "never has anyone of you eaten".
(f) Behaviour and modesty in dressing  (Q.24:27-31)
(g) Adultery and fornication (Q. 17:32)   Q.24:2), homosexuality (Q. 11:77-78) and        obscenity (Q:4:14-15) Hadith - "No one of you should meet a   woman privately     "Bukhari.
(h) Leadership (Q.2:124) and justice (Q.4:58 and 135) (Q.5:9) Hadith -'take care         everyone of you is a governor concerning  his subjects" (al-Bukhari and others).
(i) Trust and obligations (Q:4:58) (Q.5:l)  and promises (Q.16:91) Hadith 'he has         (really) no faith .... Not fulfilled his promise" (Baihaqi).
(j) Piety (Taqwa) (Q:2:177) (Q.3:102) (Q.49.13) Hadith 18 and 35 of an Nawawi.
(k) Tolerance, perseverance and patience  (Q.2:153-157) (Q.3:200) (Q.103:3) Hadith       16 of  an-Nawawi.
(l) Unity and brotherhood (Q.3:103).
    (Q.8:46) (Q.49:10) Hadith 35 of an- Nawawi.
(m) Enjoying what is good "and forbidding what is wrong (Q.3:104 and (110) (Q.16:90)      Hadith 25 and 34 of an Nawawi.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

 i. use the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
ii. apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
iii.apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
iv. use the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
 v. apply the teaching of the verses to their daily lives;
vi. apply   their   teachings   of the verses to their daily lives;
vii.apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
viii.apply  the  teachings  of the verses to their daily lives;
ix. apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
 x. apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
xi. apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
xii. apply the teachings of the verses to their daily lives;
xiii. apply the teachings  of the verses to their daily lives.

PART II: TAWHID AND FIQH
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
(a) Faith

(i) Tawhid -Its importance and lessons.
(b) Kalimatush-Shahadah - Its meaning and importance.
(ii) The Oneness of Allah as contained in the following verses:(Q.3:19) (Q.2:255)          (Q.112:1-4).
(iii)The servanthood and messengership of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) as contained      in the following verses (Q.3:144) (Q.18:110) (Q.48:29)and(Q.34:28).
(iv) Universality of his message (Q.7:158) (Q.34:28).
(iv) Finality of his Prophethood (Q.33.-40).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

 i. interpret tawhid concepts;
ii. evaluate the significance of kalimatush-shahadah;
iii.identify the verses dealing with the Oneness of Allah;
iv. determine the significance of the servanthood  of  the Prophet Muhammad (SAW);
 v. evaluate the significance of the universality of Prophet Muhammad's message;
vi. examine the significance of the finality of  the Prophethood of Muhammad (SAW).


(c)Shirk

(i) Beliefs which are incompatible with the Islamic principles of Tawhid:
- Worship of Idols  (Q.4:48) (Q.22:31).
- Ancestral worship (Q.4:48 and 116) (Q21:66-67).
- Trinity  (Q4:171) (Q.5:76)(Q.112:l-4).
- Atheism  (Q;45:24) (Q.72:6) (Q.79:17-22).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine what actions and beliefs constitute shirk;
ii.avoid such actions.

(d)  General practices which are incompatible with Islamic principles of Tawhid:
- Superstition (Q.25:43) (Q. 72:6)  
- Fortune-telling (Q;15:16-18) (Q.37:6-10)
- Magic and witchcraft Q.2:102) (Q.20:69) and 73) (Q.26:46)
- Cult worship (Q. 17:23) (Q.4:48)
- Innovation (Bid'ah) (Q.4:116) and  Hadith 5 and 28 of an-Nawawi

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify those practices incompatible: with the principles of Tawhid that are    Islamic.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

(2) Article of faith

a) Belief in Allah
(i)  Existence of Allah (Q.2:255) (Q.52:35-36).
(ii) Attributes of Allah (Q.59:22-24).
(iii) The works of Allah (Q.27:59:64).

(b) Belief in Allah's angels (Q.2:177 and 285) (Q.8:50) (Q.16:2).
(c) His books (Q.2:253) and 285) (Q.3:3).
(d) His prophets: Ulul-azm (Q.4:163-164).
(e) The Last Day: Yawm-al-Ba'th (Q.23:15-16) (Q.70:4).
(f) Destiny: distinction between Qada and Qadar (Q.2:l 17) (Q. 16:40) (Q.36:82).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. examine the significance of thearticle of faith;
ii.examine the attributes of Allah;
iii.examine the works of Allah;
iv. examine the belief in Allah's books;
 v. examine the verses on Allah's books;
vi. identify the belief in the Prophets of Allah and its significance;
vii.analyse the belief in the Last Day and its significance;
viii.evaluate the belief in destiny and its significance.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

(3) Ibadat and their types:

(a) Good deeds (Q.3:13) (0.6:160) (Q.2:177) (Q.318) (Q.103:l-3) 26th Hadith of     an-Nawawi.
(b) Taharah,its types and importance (al-istinja'/istijamar,alwudu',at-tayammum
    and al-ghusl (Q.2:222) (Q.5:7) Hadith 10 and 23 ofan-Nawawi.
(c) Salah.
(i) Importance: (Q.2:45) (Q.20:132) (Q.29:45) and Hadith 23rd of an-Nawawi.
(ii)Description and types of salah.
(iii)Things that vitiate salah.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine what constitutes acts of ibadah.
ii.distinguish between the different types of taharah;
iii.assess the importance of salah to a Muslim's life;
iv. analyse different types of salah;
 v. identify things that vitiate salah.

(d) Zakah.
(i) Its types and importance (zakatul-fitr, zakatul mal, al-an-am and al-harth     (Q.2:267),(Q.9:103) 3rd Hadith of an-Nawawi.
(ii) Collection and disbursement (Q.9:60).
(iii)Difference between Zakah and Sadaqah.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate between the various types of zakkah and the time of giving them out;
ii.determine how to collect and distribute  zakah;
iii.distinguish between zakah and sadaqah

(e) Sawm
(i) Its   types  and  importance (fard, sunnah, qada and kaffarah) (Q.2.183-185) 3rd     Hadith of an-Nawawi.
(ii) People exempted from sawm.
(iii)Things that vitiate sawm.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. compare the varioas types of sawm;
ii.determine the people who are exempted from fasting;
iii.determine things that vitiate fasting.


(f) Hajj.
(i) Its importance (Q.2:158 and 197) (Q.a3:97) (Q.22:27-28).
(ii)Type (Ifrad, Qiran and Tamattu).
(iii)Essentials of Hajj (Arkan al Hajj).
(iv) Conditions for the performance of Hajj.
(v)  Differences  between  Hajj and Umrah.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. examine the importance of Hajj;
ii.differentiate between the types of Hajj
iii.determine the essentials of Hajj;
iv. evaluate  the  conditions for performance of Hajj;
 v. differentiate between Hajj and Umrah.

(g) Jihad: Concept, kinds, manner and Lessons (Q.2:190-193) (Q.22:39-40).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. examine the concepts of jihad and its type;
ii.evaluate the manner of carrying out jihad and its lessons.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.
(4) Family Matters.

(a) Marriage
(i) Importance (Q. 16:72) (Q.24:32) (Q.30:20-21).
(ii) Prohibited categories (Q.2:221) (Q.4:22-24).
(iii)Conditions for its validity (Q.4:4) (Q.4.24-25).
(iv) Rights and duties of husbands and wives (Q.4:34-35)(Q.20:132) (Q.65:6-7).
(v)  Polygamy (Q.4:3 and 129).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse   the   importance   of  marriage;
ii.determine the category of women prohibited to a man to marry;
iii.examine   the  conditions   for  validity of marriage;
iv. determine the rights and duties of  the spouse;
vi. evaluate the polygamy and its significance

(b) Divorce
(i) Attitude of Islamic todivorce (Q.2:228) (Q.4:34-35) Hadith "of al things lawful  ...most   hateful to Allah.." (Abu Daud 15:3).
(ii) Kinds  (Talaq,   Khul;, faskh, mubur'ah and lian) (Q.2:229-230) (Q.24:6-9).
(Ill) Iddah, kinds, duration and  importance (Q.2:228 and 232).
(iv) Prohibited forms of dissolution of marriage.(Ha and Zihar) (Q.2:226-227)
     (Q.58:2-4).
(v) Custody of children (Hadanah).

OBJECTIVES.
Candiddates should be able to:

i. analyse the attitude of Islam to divorce;
ii.examine the different types of divorce;
iiia.differentiate   between   the various kinds of iddah;
iiib.Analyse its duration and significance;
iv.determine the prohibited forms of ending marriage;
iv.determine who has the right to custody of children.

(c)Inheritance.
(i) Its importance.
(ii)Heirs and their shares (Q.4:7-8), 11- 12 and 176).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. evaluate   the   significance   of  inheritance;
iia.Identify the categories of the Qur'anic heirs;
iib.Determine the share of each heir.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(5)Sources and Schools of Law.

(i) The four  major sources (the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma and qiyas).
(ii)The four sunni schools of law.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.    analyse the four major sources of Islamic law;
iia.   examine the biography of the sunni schools of law;
iib.   Examine their contributions.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(6) Islamic Economic System.

(i) Islamic  attitude to  Riba (Q.2:275-280)(Q.3:130)
    (Q.4:161) Hadith 6th of an-Nawawi.
(ii) At-tatfif (Q.83:1-6).
(iii)Hoarding (ihtikar) (Q.9:34).
(iv) Islamic soruces of revenue: Zakah, Jizyah, Kharaj and Ghanimah.
(v)  Baitul-mal as an institution of socio-economic welfare.
(vi) Difference between the Islamic economic system  and the  Western economic      system.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. analyse Islamic attitude to riba;
ii.relate at-tatfif and its negative consequences;
iii.examine ihtikar and its efforts on society;
iva.Identify the sources of revenue in Islam;
ivb.Evaluate the disbursement of the revenue;
 v. determine the uses of baitul mail in the Ummah;
vi. differentiate between the Islamic and Western economic systems.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(7)Islamic Political System.

(i) Allah as the sovereign (Q.3:26- 27)
(ii)The concept of shurah (consultation) (Q.3:159)(Q.42:38)
(iii)The concept of Adala (Justice) (Q. 17:13-14     and     36) and Masuliyah      (accountability) (Q.4:58)(Q. 102:8)
(iv)The rights of non-muslims in an Islamic state (Q.2:256) (Q.6:108)
(v) Differences between the Islamic political system and the Western political     system.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.analyse the concept of Allah's sovereignity;
ii.examine the concept of shurah in Islam;
iii.evaluate the concept of justice and  accountability;
vi.examine  the  rights  of non-Muslims in an Islamic state ;
 v.differentiate between the Islamic and Western political systems.


PART III:  ISLAMIC HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION.
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(1) Pre-IsIamic Arabia (Jahiliyyah)

(i) Jahiliyyah practices: idol worship,infancticide, polyandry,  gambling,usury, etc.
(ii) Islamic reforms.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.distinguish the different types of practices common to the Arabs of al-Jahiliyya;
ii.trace the reforms brought about by Islam to the Jahiliyyah practices.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(2) The Life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW).

(i) His birth and early life.
(ii)His call to Prophethood.
(iii)Da'awah in Makkah and Madinah.
(iv) The Hijrah.
(v)  Administration of the Ummah and the role of the mosque (Q.3:159)(Q.4:58 andl35).
(vi) The Battfes of Badr, Uhud and Khandaq: cause and effects.
(vii)The Treaty  of al-Hudaibiyyah and the Conquest of Makkah .
(viii)Hijjatul-wada (the farewell pilgrimage) sermon, and lessons.
(ix)  Qualities of Muhammad (SAW) and lessons learnt from them.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.account for the birth and early life of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW);
ii.provide evidence for the call ofMuhammad (SAW) of Prophethood;
iii.analyse the Da'awah activities of the prophet Muhammad (SAW) to Madinah;
iv. account for the hijra of the ProphetMuhammad (SAW) in Makkah and Madinah.
 v. analyse the administration of the Muslim ummah in Madinah.
vi. account for the causes and effectsof the Battles of Badr, Uhud and Khandaq;
vii.trace the circumstances leading to the formulation  of the  Treaty  of         Hudaibiyya;
vii.account for the Conquest of Makkah;
ix. examine   for   the   farewell pilgrimage and its lessons;
x.  analyse the qualities of Muhammad (SAW) their relevance to the life of a Muslim.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(3)The right guided caliphs (al-Khula fa'u rashidun) - the lives and contributions of    the four rightly guided aliphs

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. trace the biographies of the four rightly guided caliphs;
ii.evaluate their contributions to the  development of Islam.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(4)Early contact of Islam with Africa.

(i) Hijrah to Abyssinia.
(ii)The spread of Islam to Egypt.
(iii)The role of traders,teachers, preachers, Murabitu, Sufi orders and Mujaddidun to     the spread of Islam in WestAfrica.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. evaluate their circumstances leading to the Hijrah to Abysinia;
ii.give reasons for the spread of  Islamic in Egypt;
iii.account for the roles of traders, teachers, preachers,murabitu,sufi orders and mujaddidun in the spread of Islam inWest Africa..

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(5)The Impact of Islam in West Africa.

(i)The influence of islam on the socio- political life of some West African     empires;Ghana, Mali, Songhai and Borno.
(ii)The impact of Islam on the economic life of some African states: Timbuktu, Kano     and Borno.

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i.analyse the influence of Islam oh the socio-political system of some West   African states;
ii.evaluate the impact of Islam on the economic life of Timbuktu, Kano and  Borno.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

(6) Contributions of Islam to Education;

(i) "The aims' and objectives of Islamic Education.
(ii)"The Glorious Qur'an arid Hadith on Eptaation(Q.96:l-5) (Q39:9)
(a) "The search for knowledge is obligatory on  every Muslifn"(Ibn Majah)"
(b) "Seek knowledge form the cradle to the grave".
(c) "The words of wisdom area lost property: of the believer .; a better right to      it...." (Tiimidhi)
(iv) Intellectual activities of Islam in West Africa (development pf written history      in Arabic and the establishment of Sankore  University)
(v) Intellectual activities of Ahmad Baba of imbiktu, Sheikh al-Maghili, sheikh Usman     Danfodio, Sultan Muhammad Bello arid Ibn Battuta;
(vi) Islamic Education Institutions: House of Wisdom in Baghdad, al-Azhai  University      in Cairo  and Nizamiyyah University in Baghdad.
(vii)The lives and contributions of Ibn Sina, Al-Ghazali, IBn Rushdi, ar-Razio and         ibn Khaldun to education.

OBJECTIVES.

Candidates should be able to:

i. classify the aims and objectives of Islamic education;
iia.asses the position of the Glorious Qur'an and Hadith in education;
iib.examine the importance of seeking knowledge in Islam;    
iii.analyse the intellectual activities of Islam in West Africa.
iva.Analyse the intellectual activities.
ivb.Asses the contributions of Sheikh. al-Maghil, sheikh Uthman Dan Fodio, Sultan         Muhammad Bello and ; Ibn Battuta;
v.account for the development of intellectual centres in Baghdad and Cairo.
a.Examine the contributions of Ibn Sina to the development of Medicine;
b.asses al-Ghazali's contribution to Islamic education;
c.analyse Ibn. Rush's contribution to philosophy and fiqh;
d.assess ar-Razi's contribution to philosophy;
e.analyse Ibn Khaldun's contribution to modern sociology and method of uniting     history.

Islamic Religions Studies REOMMENDED TEXTS.

Abdul, M.O.A. (1976) Studies in Islam Series Book 3, Lagos: 1PB
Abdul, M.O.A. (1982) Studies in Islam Series Book 2, Lagos: IPB
Abdul, M.O.A. (1988)The Classical Caliphate, Lagos: IPB
Abdulrahman and Canham (n.d) The Ink of the Scholar, CUP
Ali, A.Y. (1975), The Holy Qur'an Text: Translation and Commentary Leicester The Islamic Foundation
Ali, M.M. (Undated) The Religion of Islam, Lahore, Chand
Hay Kal, M. (1982) The Life of Muhammad (SAW), Academic Press
Lemu, A. (1992) Methodology of Primary Islamic Studies, Lagos: IPB
Lemu, A. (1993) Islamic Studies for SSS Books 1 & 2, Lagos: IPB
Lemu, A. (1993) Islamic Studies for SSS Books 1 & 2, Lagos: IPB
Opeloye, M.O.A. (1997) Usool at-tafsir, Kuala Lumpur P25B
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